Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC)

Description

The Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) is a structured process for ensuring the quality of software applications. It's a series of well-defined phases that testers follow to identify and eliminate defects before the software is released to users. Each phase plays a crucial role in identifying and resolving defects before the software is released.

Different Phases

1. Test Planning:

   • Definition: This initial phase involves defining the scope and strategy for testing. Testers here collaborate with developers, business analysts, and other stakeholders to understand the application's requirements and functionalities. They then create a testing plan outlining the scope, objectives, testing approach, resources required, timelines, and risk mitigation strategies.

   • Purpose: To ensure a clear and structured approach to testing.

2. Test Design:

   • Definition: Based on the test plan, testers design specific test cases, scripts, and scenario to evaluate different functionalities, user scenarios, and potential error conditions. These test cases detail the inputs, expected outputs, and steps to be followed during testing.

   • Purpose: To cover all aspects of the application to be tested, ensuring that all functionalities are checked.

3. Test Execution:

   • Definition: In this phase, testers meticulously execute the designed test cases. They use various testing techniques like black-box testing, white-box testing, or automation tools to simulate real-world usage and identify any defects or deviations from expected behavior.

   • Purpose: To identify defects, bugs, or issues in the software.

4. Test Reporting:

   • Definition: After test execution, testers document the results in a comprehensive test report. This report logs the executed test cases, identified defects (bugs), and their severity levels. It also includes details on retested bugs and their closure status.

   • Purpose: To provide stakeholders with information on the quality of the software and to track progress.

5. Test Closure:

   • Definition: The final phase involves evaluating the overall testing process and its effectiveness. Testers analyze the test results, ensure all critical defects are fixed, and assess if the software meets the predetermined quality criteria. Based on this evaluation, a decision is made to either proceed with release or conduct further testing if necessary.

   • Purpose: To formally conclude the testing phase and move towards deployment or further development.